Solutions Managerial Accounting

An organization as a rule has few preparing offices, though a vocation request costing framework regularly should monitor the expenses of disrobe or even a huge number of occupations. In a procedure costing framework, a Work in Process account IS kept up for each different handling division. 4-5 The diary section would be: work in process, Firing XX Work in Process, Mixing . The costs that may be included the Firing Department include: (1 ) costs moved in from the Mixing Department; (2) materials costs included the Firing Department; (3) work costs included the Firing Department; and (4) overhead expenses included the Firing Department.Under the weighted-normal technique, identical units Of creation comprise Of units rendered to the following division (or to blade every unit moved out of the office is considered one proportionate unit-?paying little heed to in what period the work was done to finish the units. Under the FIFO technique, just the work done in the current time frame is tallied. Units moved out are isolated into two sections. One section comprises Of the units at the outset stock. Just the work expected to finish these units is appeared as a component of the proportionate units for the current period.The other piece of the units moved out comprises of the units began and finished during the current time frame. - 10 The weighted-normal strategy blends costs from the current time frame in with costs from the earlier period. Subsequently, under the headquartering strategy, the division's obvious exhibition in the current time frame is affected somewhat by what occurred in an earlier period. Conversely, the FIFO strategy neatly isolates the expenses and work of the current time frame from those of the earlier period.This makes the FIFO technique better than the weighted-normal strategy for cost control since current execution ought to be estimated comparable to expenses of the current time frame as it were. 4-11 Operating offices are the units in n ass ociation inside which the focal motivations behind the association are done; these O The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2008. All rights held. Arrangements Manual, Chapter 4 divisions as a rule create income. Paradoxically, administration divisions offer help or help to the working departments.Examples of administration offices incorporate clothing administrations in a lodging or emergency clinic, inner evaluating, air terminal support administrations (ground groups), cafeteria, staff, cost bookkeeping, etc. 4-12 Service division costs are distributed to items and administrations in two phases. Administration condo costs are first dispensed to the working offices. These distributed expenses are then remembered for the Operating offices' overhead rates, which are utilized to cost items and administrations. 4-14 Under the immediate strategy, interdepartmental administrations are disregarded; administration office costs are allotted straightforwardly to working offices. - 15 under the p rogression down strategy, the expenses of the administration office playing out the best measure of administration for the other help profound retests are apportioned first, the expenses of the administration division playing out the following most prominent measure of administration are assigned straightaway, thus Roth through all the administration offices. When an assistance divisions costs have been apportioned, costs are not reallocated back to it under the progression down technique. 4-13 Interdepartmental administrations exist at whatever point two help offices offer types of assistance to one another. O The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2008.

Wilsons Disease Essay Example For Students

Wilsons Disease Essay Wilsons DiseaseWilsons Disease, deductively known as Hepatolendicular Degeneration, isan acquired dissorder in wich exorbitant measures of copper accumalate in the body. In spite of the fact that Wilsons Disease starts during childbirth, symtoms ussually happen between theages of 6 and 40. Side effects can be not kidding, for example, liver ailment, or minor such asdrooling and trembling. This paper will clarify the accompanying about WilsonsDisease: the side effects and results, treatment and conclusion, and how it isinheritted. As referenced before the manifestations can be intense or minor. Liverdisease, the most hazardous indication happens in about 40% of patients. While nearlyall patients show minor indications of nuerogical and mental, for example, treemor,rigidity, slobbering, discourse slurs, character changes, improper behavior,detterioration of school work, and an earthy ring in the edge of the cornea. We will compose a custom exposition on Wilsons Disease explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Wilsons infection is effortlessly analyzed, yet should be done early. Both urineand blood tests are taken from the conceivable patient, alongside liver biospies, toexamine the perhaps defiled organ. Treatment includes expelling the excesscopper found in the body, and forestalling reaccumalation of copper. Lifelongtherapy is expected to keep copper out of the body. Zinc acetic acid derivation is the most up to date drugapproved by the FDA for the treatment of Wilsons Disease. Different medications utilized fortreatment and counteraction are penacillamine and trietine. In serious cases livertransplants are required for patients. Treatment is critical in WilsonsDisease. Halting treatment can bring about death of a patient in as meager as threemonths. Wilsons sickness is an acquired malady from the two guardians. It isn't sexlinked, occuring similarly in the two guys and females. All together for the illness to occur,both guardians must convey and influenced quality, which at that point gives to the affectedchild. At long last, the youngster must have two influenced qualities. On the off chance that the youngster just carriesone influenced quality, heshe is known as a bearer (they can pass on the illness), andwill not be sick. The sickness influences chromosome 13 in people, and is known asATP7B. Wilsons Disease qualities are influenced by unconstrained transformations done tothem. Thirty unique transformations were so far found among tried patients. Thedisease is known to be given from age to age in a few cases, yetmost patients don't show family ancestry of the ailment. Wilsons Disease is a genuine and deadly, if not appropriately treated, ailment. Treatment can dispose of the ailment yet should be long lasting to forestall reaccumalationof copper. The illness isn't effectively acquired because of the way that the kid mustrecieve an influenced quality from each parent. Wilsons infection is as of now beingresearched and new medications are being made to forestall and treat influenced patients. Class: Science

Subsyndromal Symptomatic Depression Symptoms, Treatment

Subsyndromal Symptomatic Depression Symptoms, Treatment Depression Types Print An Overview of Subsyndromal Symptomatic Depression By Lauren DiMaria linkedin Lauren DiMaria is a member of the Society of Clinical Research Associates and childhood psychology expert. Learn about our editorial policy Lauren DiMaria Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 10, 2020 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids milos-kreckovic / Getty Images In This Article Table of Contents Expand Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment View All By definition, subsyndromal describes a person is exhibiting symptoms that are similar to but not severe enough for diagnosis as a clinically recognized syndrome. When applied to depression, subsyndromal symptomatic depression (SSD) indicates that a persons depression symptoms dont quite meet the criteria for a diagnosis of a major depressive episode. SSD can include people who experience brief, recurring episodes of depressive symptoms.   Subsyndromal symptomatic depression was first identified and labeled in 1994 by researchers who defined it as two or more symptoms consistent with depression. Like depression, the symptoms must have been present for two weeks or more and have caused social dysfunction, such as isolation, withdrawal, or behavior changes. Its thought that subsyndromal symptomatic depression symptoms may be a risk factor for developing clinically significant  major depressive disorder  in the future. Symptoms Symptoms that develop on a daily or almost daily basis and that may occur in both SSD and major depression include: Feeling sad or depressedA significant change in appetite and/or weightNeeding too much or not getting enough sleepEither being noticeably restless or being run downNot enjoying the activities you once didFeeling wiped out or fatiguedFeeling hopeless, worthless, and/or guiltyHaving trouble concentrating or making decisionsHaving thoughts of death or suicide or suicidal behavior The difference in these symptoms is that with major depression, you must have at least five of the symptoms to be diagnosed. With SSD, you may only experience two to four of these symptoms. Mild Symptoms Should Be Noted Early intervention is the key to successful treatment, so if mental health professionals note even mild depressive symptoms, treatment may very well be indicated to ensure that symptoms dont become worse. With studies showing that even mild symptoms can be disabling, its important to help people with subsyndromal symptomatic depression and other depressive subthreshold disorders function at their best. Symptoms of Clinically Significant Depression Causes Depression is a complex condition and a range of factors can contribute to its onset. Some risk factors that increase the likelihood that a person will experience symptoms of depression include genetics, family history, abuse, trauma, some medications, major life changes, stress, illness, and substance use.   In cases where a person is experiencing subsyndromal symptomatic depression, it means that they have many of the signs of depression, but not enough for a clinical diagnosis. There are a number of reasons why a person might not meet the diagnostic criteria for depression. They may have good coping skills or a strong social support system that makes it so that their symptoms dont impair functioning in different life areas as much as they might otherwise.   However, having even mild symptoms of depression might also be a contributing cause to later clinical depression. Diagnosis Many people have depressive symptoms that dont quite meet the criteria for being diagnosed with major depression. Studies suggest that  subsyndromal symptomatic depression has just as much of an impact on function and has the same risk factors as major depression. And subsyndromal depression also has the same negative effects on overall health as major depression does. Some researchers believe that there is a spectrum of depression, from fewer symptoms to symptoms that dont last long to severe symptoms, and that all depressive episodes, despite their severity, have similar adverse effects on individuals. One 2013 study that used a broad sampling of people from a variety of countries across the globe showed that subsyndromal depression seems to be a significant problem worldwide.?? Because of its detrimental effects, more research needs to be done on subtypes of depressive disorder. Researchers suggest that mental health professionals should take note of even minimal depressive symptoms since they are harmful to a persons overall health. Potential Challenges in Diagnosing Depression The same 2013 study notes that clinicians are very good at ruling out depression, but not nearly as successful at diagnosing it.?? This could be due to the thresholds that are set in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) and the difficulties in assessing the significance of depressive symptoms. There is a challenge in identifying people who are close to the threshold of depression set out in the DSM. The researchers of this study came to the conclusion that further research is needed and that SSD should be classified on its own and potentially treated similarly to major depression. Treatment Because subsyndromal symptomatic depression often goes without being diagnosed, it is thought to be undertreated. The available research suggests that psychotherapy and antidepressants may both be effective at reducing depressive symptoms as seen in people with major depressive disorder (MDD). Medications One study found that treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) antidepressants led to the improvement in symptoms and functioning,?? suggesting that low doses of SSRIs may be useful in alleviating SSD symptoms. Psychotherapy Studies have also shown that interpersonal therapy and cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) can also lead to improvements in functioning and decreases in depressive symptoms. The Best Online Help Resources for Depression Lifestyle Changes Self-care and lifestyle changes can also help people find relief. Some things that may help include getting regular exercise, eating a healthy diet, getting adequate sleep, and having a strong social support system. Depression can often cause people to become more isolated, so reaching out to trusted friends and loved ones can be beneficial. A Word From Verywell While subsyndromal symptomatic depression does not meet the diagnostic criteria for a major depressive episode, it can still have a significant impact on a persons life and functioning. Effective treatments including medications and psychotherapy can help people who are experiencing symptoms. Talk to your doctor if you are experiencing feelings of depression, even if these symptoms are mild or if you only have a few of them. Help is available and your doctor can recommend treatments that will help you feel better. Treatment Options for Depression

Crime Alerts An Irksome And Flawed System - 1765 Words

Crime Alerts: An Irksome and Flawed System â€Å"University of Iowa officials received a report of a sexual assault that occurred during the early hours of Saturday, March 4, 2017 by a white male at a west side residence hall. No further details are available.†(â€Å"Crime Alert†, DoS) It is not a typical weekend if my email is not bombarded with Crime Alerts from the University of Iowa Department of Public Safety. Normally I brush these messages off and continue to enjoy my weekend, but this time it was different. My floormates in my dorm call me over urgently, â€Å"Maxx, did you see the crime alert in the email? We think it was Christian (Name changed for privacy).† Not for one second did I believe that it was Christian, but my†¦show more content†¦This is a necessary and invaluable policy to have, but after doing in-depth research, there is one main controversy making people believe the system needs to be changed, and that is the identification exploitation within the emails and the effect it has on the community in terms explicit and implicit racial profiling. According to the Daily Aztec news source, which has been an independent news source for San Diego State University since 1913, The Afrikan Student Excellence Council (ASEC) held meetings alongside other cultural groups across campus to discuss racial profiling in the San Diego State University Police department s crime alerts (Lozano). One of their supporters Shellie Stamps, who is the Association of Africana Studies Majors and Minors President said, â€Å"The Main Concern, which was cause for the meeting, was racial profiling† (Lozano). As the meeting went on, students offered testimonies about incidents in which they were victims of the crime alerts, similar to my own scenario. Students said that the â€Å"ambiguity† of the crime alerts targeted African American males which alluded them to be subjected to many uncomfortable situations and very insensitive racial jokes. One of the victims, named Jonathan Cunha, told his story and said, â€Å"Last year IShow MoreRelat edCrime Alerts : An Irksome And Flawed System1941 Words   |  8 Pages Crime Alerts: An Irksome and Flawed System â€Å"University of Iowa officials received a report of a sexual assault that occurred during the early hours of Saturday, March 4, 2017 by a white male at a west side residence hall. No further details are available.† It is not a typical weekend if my email is not bombarded with Crime Alerts from the University of Iowa Department of Public Safety. Normally I brush these messages off and continue to enjoy my weekend, but this time it was different

Banning Violent Video Games On Children - 1545 Words

Banning Violent Video Games A child is killing police officers. A teenager is hiring prostitutes to potentially kill them. He is using weapons such as guns, chainsaws, and knives to kill and commit horrible crimes. Thousands of children and teens participate in these actions daily. How? Violent Video games such as Doom, Call of Duty, and Grand Theft Auto are just a few of the games that are full of these awful actions. The Harvard Mental Health Letter states, â€Å"The Pew Research Center reported in 2008 that 97% of youths ages 12 to 17 played some type of video game, and that two-thirds of them played action and adventure games that tend to contain violent content† (Violent...Young People 1). Another investigation showed that over half of the games the ESRB rates contain violence, and over 90% of those games are evaluated acceptable for people over the age of 10 (Violent...Young People 1). These violent video games contribute to aggressive behavior, bullying, and rec ently spotlighted school shootings. Many believe these games should be banned for children and teens. Critics say that these games give adolescents a way to vent out their anger and frustrations in a safe environment and that there is research to prove violent video games have no effect on normal children. Because they are harmful, video games that promote violence should be banned in regards to children and youth. The first and most important reason video games should be banned for children is theShow MoreRelatedRegulating Violent Video Games998 Words   |  4 PagesRegulating Violent Video Games Introduction: I. A. Whose place is it to deal with the problem? 1. Parent should censor their children. 2. Why parents should censor children. 3. The possible result if our children are not censored. II. A. Should the Government regulate violent video games? 1. What would happen if the government regulates video games? 2. Why I am against the government’s involvement in regulating video games. 3. Regulating ourselves. Conclusion/Closing:Read MoreVideo Games Make Children Violent Essay748 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction Video games have become a staple in the entertainment industry. Families coming from various backgrounds across the world own a video game system. Shooting games such as call of duty have become particularly popular amongst young teenagers. These types of games have led to a very popular debate. The question being do violent video games make children violent? Prosecutor Steven F. Gruel believes that they do cause children to become violent while defense attorney Patricia A. MillettRead MoreVideo Games, Violence and Parenting Essay626 Words   |  3 Pagesresponsibility to teach their children right from wrong. If a parent teaches them what is and what isn’t okay, then the majority of those kids are not going to grow up and think that it’s cool and awesome to run around imitating things they see on the T.v. or in video games. Parents who refuse to take this responsibility should also refuse to buy the games in the first place – Most if not all violent games get at least a ‘’Ages 15+’’ rating on them. Two: children growing up in a violent environment, beingRead MoreAlice And The Video Games1330 Words   |  6 PagesAlice and the Video Games Alice, an ignorant little girl from Alice and the Wonderland tumbled down the rabbit hole into a world of meaninglessness (IMDb); today, proponents of banning violent video games are following Alice, stumbling over themselves into a pitfall of a lack of substantial evidence and reasoning. An exemplary example of such a proponent is Eric Roberts, the uncredentialed author of the article â€Å"Violent Video Games Produce Violent Behavior in Our Nation’s Youth and ShouldRead MoreViolent Video Games Should Not Be Banned1170 Words   |  5 Pages2014 Violent Video Games Should Not be Banned Violent acts committed by children seem to occur on a monthly basis. What is to blame for this trend? Many people try to find, what they would believe to be, a likely source for the violence once. Some people turn to violent video games as the reason why violent acts occur amongst children. Some would even argue, that violent video games in general should be banned. Violent video games should not be banned because they do not cause violent behaviorsRead MoreThe Negative Effects of Violent Video Games Essays1274 Words   |  6 Pagescome with positive and negative effects. The video games of twenty-five years ago have evolved into something different and in some cases something dark. Research has shown in many cases that video games have negative effects such as: increased aggressive behavior, desensitization, and poor physical heath on adolescents. Many researches also think part of the problem arises because adolescents do not receive enough parental supervision with these games. After discussing these negative effects itRead MoreVideo Games : Can It Cause Violence?1379 Words   |  6 PagesVictor Chau Professor Myers ENGL-1301 Video Games: Can it cause violence? Any action against violent video games should be met with more research and that any banning of violent video games should come under more significant scrutiny. For sometime, many people consider violent video games to be the cause of violent behavior in the younger generations. However there are also people who would refute such claims that violent video games are the causes of tragedies, and would point to another reasonRead MoreShould We Ban Violent Video Games?2095 Words   |  9 PagesShould we ban violent video games? That is the question. However, let’s say we should ban violent video games. Now comes the next question; can we ban violent video games? The answer to that question is no, not at all. Why? Because they possess defense under the first amendment of â€Å"Fre edom of religion and speech (10).† The bill of rights states, â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech,Read MoreShould Violent Video Games Be Ban? Essay617 Words   |  3 PagesViolent video game had been a problem in the Unite States. Many people believe that violent video games should be banned, claiming they have negative effects on people.Violent video game is not like the real-world. Video games have become not only a form of entertainment, but also another way for people to escape reality and to enter their own virtual fantasy. James Gee explains that, if you blame violent video games for horrific events that have occurred is much like putting the blame on food forRead MoreViolent Video Games and Their Effects on Adolescents794 Words   |  3 Pages2012, U.S. video game software sales reached $6.7 billion (174.8 million units) and computer game sales were $ 380 million (13.2 million units)† (Improving Economy). To many, the violent video game industry has turned all adolescents into mass murderers. However, they’re absolutely wrong. Very seldom do adolescents who play violent video games commit acts of violence, and the ones who do usually have a mental disorder. Instead of blaming the tragedies that occur on violent video games, the news media

The Responsible Citizen Free Essays

Responsibilities of a citizen| April 3 2013 | The responsibilities of a citizen. Responsibilities of a citizen General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform general public on the true responsibilities of a citizen Thesis Statement: Embrace a far more holistic and positive outlook on what it means to be a part of a community or a wider social group. Introduction: I. We will write a custom essay sample on The Responsible Citizen or any similar topic only for you Order Now The government II. What are the roles of a citizen? III. The concept of ubuntu Body I. Ubuntu a. The heart of ubuntu II. The Plan a. Spread ubuntu III. What makes a citizen â€Å"good? † a. Opinions b. Perspectives Conclusion I. Embracing ubuntu II. Holistic and positive outlook III. If this philosophy is spread the result will be a more just, prosperous and equitable America Unlike the Government’s role that is clearly stated in the Preamble, the role of a citizen isn’t as clear. Even the bill of rights clearly states the rights of a citizen. It has been amended and made inclusive as to what defines a citizen. Every citizen has an opinion on what the role is exactly, which makes it easy to be interpreted freely. It’s tempting to view the concept of citizenship from a Western perspective. This would lead naturally to such ideas as obeying laws, voting, defending one’s country, and so on. Implicit in this perspective is the sense of an individual, and of â€Å"us† and â€Å"them†. For many, these are not satisfactory, and leave a lingering sense of something missing. Perhaps it is the implied â€Å"should†, â€Å"must† or â€Å"have to† that causes a ripple of rebellion in the soul against these ideals. Throughout the years it has become evident that the role of a citizen goes beyond that. Those who are simple minded view their role as such. People who are deep thinkers tend to see other perspectives, many of which embrace a far more holistic and positive outlook on what it means to be a part of a community or a wider social group. One of them is the African concept of ubuntu. The word ubuntu comes from the southern African Bantu languages. Roughly translated, it means â€Å"I am what I am because of who we all are†. Ubuntu is the essence of being human. At the heart of the ubuntu philosophy is the idea that a person cannot be human in isolation. We are all connected, and a part of a greater whole. Therefore, we all benefit and grow when one person grows, and we are all diminished when one person is oppressed, humiliated or diminished in any way. Spreading the concept of ubuntu is the plan. This philosophy is an ideal one but it is more than possible. Increasing the knowledge of it will help citizens of the US become more in tune with their neighbors, more involved with society, and conscious of their actions on a daily bases. Citizens won’t be ashamed or embarrassed by what they don’t have or haven’t yet achieved and even if they are their fellow citizens won’t make them feel any worse than they already do. In fact they would embrace them up and push them to acknowledge the thing that they do have and what they have achieved. So what then are the duties as a citizen within this philosophy? Simply, it is their responsibility to be open, generous of spirit, and affirming. Just as importantly, they never need to feel threatened by someone else’s success or happiness, because they belong to the greater whole, and so they are benefiting from everyone else’s happiness. Following rules or obeying laws is a natural consequence of this belief. The shift is from a negative to a positive point of view. So while the results may in many cases be the same, the motivation, sense of belonging and level of happiness can be dramatically different. In conclusion it is obvious that American society might not embrace this philosophy with open arms because of how â€Å"unusual† it may seem and the fact the society is basically every â€Å"man† for his self. The philosophy of ubuntu will make so many people uncomfortable because of how open they will have to be with one another. Since it is so different from any philosophy that is embraced by American society it may be hard to get someone to listen, accept, and practice it. America can embrace a far more holistic and positive outlook on what it means to be a part of a community or a wider social group. There is hope for this philosophy yet, Americans must learn to love and trust one another. This philosophy is the key to that lost love and trust. Some already practice it without knowledge. They are natural open, generous of spirit, and affirming. Too bad everyone cannot be like those individuals. Anything is possible and change is the only thing that remains constant, it just takes time. If this philosophy is spread the result will be a more just, prosperous and equitable America. Works Cited Ellis-Christensen, Tricia, and O. Wallace. â€Å"What Does It Mean to Be a US Citizen? † WiseGeek. Conjecture, 05 Oct. 2011. Web. 09 Mar. 2013. http://www. wisegeek. com/what-does-it-mean-to-be-a-us-citizen. htm. Flippin, Jr. , Reverend William E. Ubuntu: Applying African Philosophy in Building Community. † The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost. com, 05 Feb. 2012. Web. 01 Apr. 2013. http://www. huffingtonpost. com/reverend-william-e-flippin-jr/ubuntu-applying-african-p_b_1243904. html. Kelchner, Jen. â€Å"Ubuntu: The Philosophy of Interconnectedness-Change Your Life. Find The True You. † Avid Seed. Avid Seed, 08 Aug. 2012. Web. 01 Mar. 2013. http://www. avidseed. org/2012/08/ubuntu-the-philosophy-interconnectedness/ . 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Analyse the poetic techniques used in Robert Frosts Essay Example For Students

Analyse the poetic techniques used in Robert Frosts Essay He relates the telephone to being a Flower And thus relates the phone with a beautiful sweet smelling flower. In this respect, we come to the conclusion that the person on the other end is very close to the speaker, a significant other. Frost also links the flower with a Bee Making a clearer link with nature. The bee almost makes a melodious humming sound further describing the sound of the person on the other end. Frost uses ranges of metaphors throughout the poem to tie in with his ink from the telephone to nature. Frost makes the poem first person singular to get an insight of the speaker and his real thoughts. He also uses the word You To get the reader involved, but symbolically we know he is referring to the other person. Using this method of first person, Frost is successfully making the conversation more genuine and in some sense more truthful. And so by using the words I And You The poem becomes more realistic and gives us a look into the speakers thoughts making the poem a persona. The structural formation of the poem is irregular. Frost begins with a nine line stanza followed by a one line stanza. This slows the poems flow and lets the reader collect their thoughts. He goes onto having a seven line stanza followed by a pair of one line stanzas. This random structure in a way shows us that the speaker, who is reminiscing on a past confrontation with the same person, has random remembrances of what was said. This is also mirrored in the poem by the speakers questions and attempts to revive the other persons memory Do you remember what it was you said? And thus by using this sort of irregular formation, Frost does not have any restrictions in the rhyme or rhythm although the poem does contain fair amounts of rhyme. Right through the poem, there is a lot of Juxtaposition. Frost uses words such as; Was Still Did To contrast with the words representing the present; Today This presents yet another concept of what the speaker is dealing with. He is dealing with the restraints of time which only make life travel faster. Yet also this gives the reader a better look at which angle the speaker is coming from. Thus using juxtaposition, Frost can make a further relation with the reader and also bring in history to make the poem more relevant. In conclusion, The Telephone by Robert Frost, is an overview of a telephone call the speaker makes. This conversation is linked with nature and natural elements to make the poem more down to earth. The first person in the poem, make it more personal and the Juxtaposition makes the poem more relevant to the audience.

Factors that Influence Personality

Table of Contents Introduction Essay Conclusion References Introduction Personality has been associated with one’s behavior and characteristics and has not yet found a true definition of the word. However, it can be defined as a supreme realization of the natural habit of a living being (Eliasz, Hampson de Raad, 2006). Personality determines whether one is energetic, happy, dull, smart or apathetic and thus majority of people have been led to define the term as a collection of psychological parts incorporating emotions, thoughts and motives (Burger, 2007).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Factors that Influence Personality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is also the entire mental organization of an individual at any phase of his growth and development. Daily interactions with others enable people to assess and interpret personalities around them. Personality is an individual’s wholeness that incorporates traits, attitudes and qualities which forms one of the basic foundations of the study of Psychology (Eliasz, et al., 2006). There are a number of characteristics associated with personality that enhance positive development and growth for instance honesty where one is open in the way they behave as well as the attitude they have towards their work. Intelligence is yet another characteristic that is perhaps considered as the most basic of positive personality traits and is highly valued in a human being (Burger 2007). This particular trait usually leads to others respecting someone. A person who also shows the ability to be helpful, courteous and empathic is also welcomed by the society and garners him respect (Eliasz, et al., 2006). In order to determine one’s personality majority of psychologists give tests based on five key traits making up the essence of one’s personality and these include extraversion, openness, neuroticism, agreeableness and conscien tiousness (Eliasz, et al., 2006). Essay The Latin word ‘persona’ connotes the term personality meaning a mask worn by actors while playing key roles on stage. This, therefore, means that one’s personality should be a reflection of style of behavior or pattern of that individual revealed through their internal and external properties (Burger, 2007). When studying the behavior of people it is important to keep in mind that they are different and thus possess distinct characteristics and traits which define their unique personalities. These differences in personality are great determinants of how people behave, react or act under corresponding stimuli (Eliasz, et al., 2006). In the past modern psychological studies have revealed that there are factors that tend to influence one’s personality and thus have a lasting impact on them. Some of these factors include dreams and ambition, which shape one’s personality in a manner to facilitate their objectives and goals in life (Burger, 2007). Additionally, every one views him/herself differently from what other people may view or think of them and therefore, self-image breeds personality characteristics that are within this image (Eliasz, et al., 2006).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Freud, a psychoanalyst restored the science of the mind in as far as the objective conscious and subjective unconscious are concerned. He continues to transform traditional cognitive psychology of conscious processing that establishes a barrier between the life of imagination and life of reason (Burger, 2007). Theories of personality development are closely intertwined with those of cognitive development where adulthood and aging are viewed as phases of qualitative discontinuity or transformation of early life patterns (Burger, 2007). Past experiences also have got a lot to do with shaping one’s pers onality as they tend to affect a person positively or negatively. While bad experiences may make one exhibit characteristics of distrust and lead to isolating themselves from the rest, good or positive experiences may lead to motivation to work towards achieving the same results in future (Eliasz, et al. 2006). The environment is also one of the major influences of one’s personality in that people are brought up in different environments and it is no wonder one observes that those individuals brought up in violent- and poverty-stricken regions tend to be tougher than their counterparts who grew up in peaceful and wealthy neighborhoods. Additionally, those born from single families or are orphans tend to be more responsible and self-reliant as they are aware that their fate are dependent upon their efforts in life (Burger, 2007). Evolutionary, biological or genetic and environmental factors can result in the development of an aggressive personality, for instance, those childre n brought up in violent or poverty-stricken areas tend to be more hardworking in matters of education and learning as they believe that once they are successful in their education, they would manage to secure good jobs that will improve and enhance their livelihoods (Burger, 2007). There has been an overwhelming amount of evidence to prove the fact that individual differences are greatly influenced by genetic factors that establish one’s personality. The main reason as to why majority of scientists have dedicated more efforts on studying genetic influences on personality is because they need to better understand the manner in which things work (Eliasz, et al., 2006). It is also widely believed that genetics are the key determinants of one’s personality. They also agree on the fact that environmental factors relate with genetic ones to develop personality and proposed theories emphasizing on genetic influences on personalities have also been established (Eliasz, et al. 2006). It was previously thought that environmental factors were the only factors generally influencing personality, but this has been proved otherwise in the course of the years where it has been discovered that genetic factors also influence personality after numerous tests were carried out on twins. Parents tend to directly or indirectly influence a child’s personality development in the course of their years.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Factors that Influence Personality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Experiments recently carried out in Japan have also revealed that personality is influenced by blood-type, where it makes personality highly distinct and is used for hiring practices and divisions of work in Japanese companies (Burger 2007). This is attributed to the fact that personality is genetically passed down from parents to children and therefore, personalities exhibited by the parents will be similarly exhibited by their children (Burger, 2007). Self-efficacy refers to a belief held by a person that they are capable of performing in a particular way to achieve specified goals and aims (Eliasz, et al. 2006). It is quite possible for people to be able to identify objectives they want to accomplish or things they would like to achieve or change in the course of their lives. Self-efficacy plays a key role in the manner in which challenges, tasks and goals are approached (Burger, 2007). Perceptions of self-efficacy are situation-specific and subject to presented opportunities to past experiences, attitudes, skills or abilities or even social/cultural norms (Eliasz, et al. 2006). Self-efficacy is part of a person’s personality and since it is a belief, it can be learned unlike personality itself, which is mostly inherent. Developmental changes or personality exhibited in adulthood are manifestations and results of political, economic, social, biological, cross-cultur al and historical intersections and experiences (Burger, 2007). In other words, they are as a result of both nurture and nature even though the overall personality may have been influenced by hereditary or environmental factors. Personality is also influenced by self-efficacy in that individuals with a greater sense of control are more likely to choose effective strategies as compared to those with a weaker sense of control or suffer from lack of confidence (Eliasz, et al. 2006). Conclusion Personality is a representation of who one truly is their characters, shortcomings, traits and therefore makes people unique. As aforementioned, this is usually shaped by a number of factors that include cultural, parental influences, family and to some extent religion. It is, therefore, important for families and the general society to ensure that children are brought up in positive environments that will enhance and nurture their personalities for future. References Burger, J. M. (2007). Person ality. Belmont, C. A.: Cengage Learning. Eliasz, A., Hampson, S. E., and de Raad, B. (2006). Advances in Personality Psychology, Volume 2. Philadelphia, P.A.: Psychology Press.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Factors that Influence Personality was written and submitted by user Pablo Hodges to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Work teams Essays

Work teams Essays Work teams Essay Work teams Essay The main focus of the study is on the factors that are likely to influence the level of learning of team members of a multinational organization that has influence on how the teams will perform and relate within the organization. According to the research analyses that have been carried by various researchers in the area of organizational learning and performance of teams, the factors that affect the learning process of teams in a multinational company and in turn affect the organization’s performance are grouped into two group; those that are within the organization itself and those that come from outside. The factors within the organization in this case considering a subsidiary of a multinational organization include the differences in the backgrounds of the employees of the organization like the cultural backgrounds, religious backgrounds, racial background, gender and age among others, the attitudes of the team members, the organization’s processes of production, and demographics among others. All these factors within the organization affect the learning of the team members in a way that if the management of the organization considers all this factors and offers support to them team members then the learning process will be easy and performance standards will improve a great deal as compared to the organizations where such a consideration is not given to the team members. As concerning the factors out of the control of a multinational company, not may researches have given conclusive results for those external factors because the area of research is more wide making research more difficult. Though that seems to be the case the external factors like structure of the multinational organization, global integration of firms in the business environment, worldwide learning and the local responsiveness of a subsidiary of an organization among other factors in the external environment of a multinational affect the learning of teams in an organization and its performance levels. When the organization is coordinating its activities well with other businesses, when it encourages individuals to learn from others in the other organizations, the subsidiaries are able to support themselves in the production of goods and services and when it is able to make their structures flexible to the different geographical locations team learning will be supported and this will also improve on the performance of the teams in the organizations. The conclusions that than be made from the analysis of team learning, team performance and relations is that when the learning of individuals is supported by using various support techniques available in the organizations they will be able to use the knowledge that they have acquired to improve on their interpersonal relations in the organization creating strong bonds in their teams and work for the best of the organization in that manner improve the performance of the organization. Nhung T. Nguyen, Anson Seers, Nathan S. Hartman (2008). Putting good face on impression management: team citizenship and team satisfaction. Institute of behavioural and applied management, 148-168. In this article the relationship between an individual trying to create a positive image of him or her to the team members and to the organization as a whole and how this is likely to influence the performance of an organization is analyzed. In some if not most cases individuals working in an organization will want to be seen as good employees, by the management and the members of the organization that they associate with. The effects of individuals wanting to portray such good images either by faking them or being real are being questioned a lot. When a person is trying to create a good image of himself or herself he is likely to attract many people around him or her that will automatically form some kind of a group in an organization. The effect will be that his good characters   will influence the members of his team to work for the best interest of the organization provide the team members believe in the image that you have portrayed to them. People will want to associate themselves with those who are being praised in a positive way in the organization. To be identified with that person you have to be able to act and adapt to the way the person who inspires you is behaving. Then impression management will be said to build working team that will cooperate to improve on the organization’s performance. On the other side the implications that may arise from a person wanting to create a good image of himself or herself will be that if the person is doing that for his own selfish interest and the other members discover that it will create mistrust among the members which will lead relationships within the employees the result in lack of coordination in carrying the activities of the organization leading to poor performance. The recommendations that can be made for this study is that the employees should be informed on the need to portray their real images and make positive image improvements for the good reasons only as that will be the only way others will be positively influenced to act for the best of the organization. Anat Drach-Zahavy, Anat Somech (2000). Team heterogeneity and its relationship with team support and team effectiveness. Journal of educational administration, 40, 1. Retrieved online: emeraldinsigth.com/0957-8234 As discussed in the article individuals who work in an organization are not all the same they have differences that will help to identify each person as unique. People in an organization have different work experiences, academic qualifications, perspectives, gender, religion, capabilities among other things that can differentiate people working in an organization. All these differences in people working in an organization if well managed will help an organization to carry out its activities well because people will be assigned to work on duties and tasks that they will be able to carry out well. When differences that exist in people in an organization are well managed the organization will encourage good interpersonal relationships between its employees who will encourage each other to work efficiently and effectively for the good of the organizational goals and objectives. Because organizations also differ in the nature of activities that they carry out the way heterogeneity in the members of their teams differ as well as the results that will be achieved by the organizations. Heterogeneity in an organization can be classified into two groups; one that relates to the tasks a team can perform and the one that is based on the relationships that the team members have. When the differences are associated to the tasks that team can perform in an organization this will support the team members to work for the organizational goals because they will be integrating and complementing each other in carrying out their duties well. In a case where people are forming groups because of the special relationship interests that they have with each other then there is a problem in this as they are likely influence each other to an extent that they loose focus on the main goals and objectives of the organization. Another issue that has been discussed concerning the heterogeneity of teams in an organization in this article is the one that relates to how to improve the performance of teams in an organization. Much emphasis has been made to making sure that the groups are well integrated and this is supposed to be done when forming people into groups by ensuring that the members can be able to cooperate with each other. The teams also should be assigned to the jobs that they can be able to carry out considering their capabilities. Constant monitoring of the teams in an organization is also advocated for if the team effectiveness is to be achieved. By monitoring the teams constantly the organization will be able to determine the different problems that the teams are facing in carrying out their duties, will be able also to determine the level of influence that the teams have on their members and on the outcomes of the organization. The organization can also use the past experience it has had with different work teams to set a suitable support mechanism for all its teams as this will build strong team bonds that will work together in harmony to achieve the best for the organization In concluding team management and support should be given attention in an organization because all the members of an organization belong to one or more teams in an organization and giving them support in their efforts of carrying the activities of an organization will be able to encourage them to work well and do the right thing all the time while in the organization. Anat Drach-Zahavy, Anat Somech (2000). Team heterogeneity and its relationship with team support and team effectiveness. Journal of educational administration, 40, 1. Retrieved online: emeraldinsigth.com/0957-8234 The authors of the article from Mount Carmel Haifa in Israel used several research analyses that have been made in the educational institutions to discuss how the differences of team members can be handled so as create good relationships in the teams that will encourage them to work together in harmony to achieve the best results for the organization. They analyzed several factors within the organization that are likely to affect and influence team performance like team building and selection of individuals to the specific groups. Mary Z. Bruhn, Cristina Gibson (2006). Multinational organization context: Implications for team learning and performance. Academic management journal, 49, No 3, 501-518. The researchers from university of Minnesota and California used data that has been collected concerning how team learning in an international organization can impact the way that its work teams carry out their activities. Variables like the organization environmental factors and other factors that are in the surrounding environment are discussed in this article and the way that the factors influence learning and performance of teams in the organization also considered in the article. Nhung T. Nguyen, Anson Seers, Nathan S. Hartman (2008). Putting good face on impression management: team citizenship and team satisfaction. Institute of behavioural and applied management, 148-168. The authors from Towson university, Virginia commonwealth university and John Carroll university discusses in this article about how different would want to attract people by trying to be nice to others and the different reasons why people could do that. Through the analysis of the data that was collected their hypothesis were tested to explain how impressions that people give about themselves acts as a communication media for forming teams in an organization, the kind of teams that will be formed and the level of commitment to tasks that will be achieved by the teams that are being formed in the organization.

Finding and Evaluating Business Opportunities Case Study - 1

Finding and Evaluating Business Opportunities - Case Study Example From a detailed case study, it is identified that original KIPP schools in Huston and New York are successful. Huston and New York schools enrolled approximately 300 and 200 students respectively by the end of 1998. It was a great achievement in the American educational history since majority students had been giving little attention to their education till that period. The KIPP schools admit children by blind lottery without considering their prior achievement, special education needs, or bilingual status. In addition, this program forces the parents and students to sign KIPP commitment forms and documents that clearly define various duties and responsibilities of teachers, students, and parents. These practices are the most notable elements of their operational model that set them apart from standard schools. However, the efficient management strategies raised the KIPP schools to the position of charter schools that they received funding and oversight directly from Texas Education Agency. The KIPP schools possess a good culture as the sustained commitment of students, teachers, and parents became the hallmark of the schools. As a result, the school management could ensure the active participation of parents in this education program. Academic discipline is one of the most prominent qualities that the KIPP schools managements do not like to compromise with. In addition to the academic growth, the KIPP schools also aim at the overall development of each student as an individual. The schools give great emphasis on the recruitment of qualified teachers, and it has largely contributed to the overall success of the KIPP schools. The teachers are given the freedom to practice their own instructional styles and techniques and that makes the KIPP schools different from other public schools. However, above all, the creative strategic formulation of Mike Feinberg and David Levin was the central factor that intensified the rapid growth of KIPP schools. II. In my opinion, KIPP schools must be replicated since their initial ventures were successful. Although, the replication strategy assists the KIPP schools to expand largely, this process would raise numerous challenges to the management. For instance, Feinberg and Levin faced a series of challenges when they planned to launch their middle school program. They engaged in different phases of negotiations in order to get legal sanction from authorities. The same issue may become a barrier to KIPP school replication program also. While carrying out the proposed program, it is necessary to recruit new principals and train them efficiently. It would be a cumbersome task for Feinberg and Levin to ensure improved training packages for these new recruits. Presently, revenue for both schools is gained from public funds controlled either by school districts or state agencies. Since major portion of KIPP schools’ economic needs are financed by governmental authorities, the KIPP schools do not face finan cial crisis. However, the replicated schools may not get adequate financial assistance from government and such a situation would adversely affect this program. Lack of building facilities may also mitigate the effectiveness of new replication program. In addition, the new replication program would meet difficulty in recruiting sufficient fresh batches of fifth graders. Although the initial KIPP school programs are successful, if the students do not give enough priority to their education, it may adversely affect the basic objective of the proposed program. III. It is advisable for Feinberg, Levin, and Hamilton to design a specific path for the implementation of the proposed p

Data mining does not violate the constitution Essay

Data mining does not violate the constitution - Essay Example They fall under different industry categories such as health care, finance, retail, aerospace, and manufacturing have began using data mining techniques as well as tools in a bid to take advantage of the historical information and data. Data mining has helped various analysts to acknowledge crucial facts, patterns, relationships, trends, anomalies, and exceptions that could have otherwise go unnoticed. This is usually achievable by sifting through the warehoused information primarily by using statistical, mathematical, and pattern recognition technologies. From the business organizations point of view, data mining is essentially an important tool for discovering patterns alongside relationships in the given data with a view to help make more useful decisions. Furthermore, data mining is vital for developing better marketing campaigns, predicting customer loyalty more accurately, and helping spot sales trends. Some of the specific uses of this technology include fraud detection, inter active marketing, direct marketing, market segmentation, trend analysis, and customer churn. Literature Review Different scholars have come out in strong defense of data mining with majority of them arguing that it does not violate the constitution. Nonetheless, various have also sort to prove the damning effects of data mining particularly looking at the privacy of individuals. ... Furthermore, the article elucidates how the U.S. investigators essentially advocating for the agenda on robust antiterrorism have compelled communications firms to store as well as turn over unprecedented information regarding the telephone calls of citizens, daily movements, and Internet communications. Similarly, the dual interests of the private sector intention to maximize profits and determination of the government to combat future terrorist attacks have imperiled the standards of human rights. Similarly, the article Twenty-First Century Surveillance: Dna Data Mining and the Erosion of the Fourth Amendment by Ferrell Kelly (2013) argues that every time a person visits a webpage, runs a search engine, or makes a call, text, or purchases data is collected, and analyzed in order to determine that person’s individual propensities and predict their future behavior. Corporations justify data mining technology as an efficient means of targeting interested consumers, while the go vernment boasts of national security and public safety to rationalize the surveillance technique. In essence, the corporations have constructive objectives and goals in terms of the way they intend to utilize the new technology to meet the demands of prospective customers. The government on the contrary has credited the technology owing to its capacity to handle national security as well as the safety of the public. In the article, Regulating Governmental Data Mining In The United States and Germany: Constitutional Courts, The State, And New Technology by Schwartz Paul (2011), the author looks at how the legal systems of Germany and the United States respond to the use of data mining by

IMC Plan For Milk Management Essay

IMC Plan For Milk Management Essay This project is about the IMC used by the Milk company. It includes the all the promotional tools used by the company for marketing communication. In this we are using different sales and promotion techniques for the sale of our company milk and building a strong image of our company product in the minds of our customers. Special kinds of price discounts , samples are given to the customers and traders for the strong positioning of our product in the market. The name of milk product is the pure milk, and the tagline of our milk product is ‘the real milk of India.† The main objective of our company is to provide better quality to our customers as compared to our competitors and building a good image of our product in the minds of the customers. By providing a better quantity to our customers our company will generate a revenues, which our company would further invest for increasing our product line. In this we it is discussed that what are the different kinds of four Ps of our company . What is the Price of our milk , What are the different kinds of promotional tools used by our company for the sale of our product . Different kinds of strategy are used by our company for increasing revenues from our milk product. At the end estimation of budget is done for knowing the expected expense done by the company for our milk product. INTRODUCTION TO MARKETING UNDERSTANDING MARKETING- Before we begin discussing marketing communication, We must take a moment to understand its higher order discipline ,viz, marketing. Marketing is a composite of many activities related to customers need fulfillment and satisfaction. Marketing includes many tasks right from identifying consumers needs and wants to fulfilling them. DEFINITION OF MARKETING- The American Marketing Association defines marketing as the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services to create exchange that satisfy individual and organizational objectives. For marketing to be effective ,it requires successful coordination of all these activities at different levels in the organization. THE MARKETING MIX Various maketing activities can be classified into four general categories,viz,Product, Price, Place( distribution ) and promotion, which are populary known as the 4Ps of marketing or marketing mix. PRODUCT- This includes all the activities related to the conception and planning of actual product that fulfills consumers needs and wants, i.e, decisions regarding product quality , designs, features , sizes, varieties, brand name, warranty, gurantee and other services. In this project the product is milk. The name of our company is the PURE MILK .Milk is provided in different packages of different sizes i.e,1 kg and half Kg packets. Pice of is 28 Rs and Half Kg product is Rs14. PRICE- This area deals with activities related to setting the price for the product. Decisions regarding retail and wholesale prices, margins of channel members, discounts and allowances, credit terms, payment period , etc. are the part of pricing function of marketing mix. The 1 kg of milk Packet is of Rs. 28 and Half Kg is of Rs 14. PLACE- Placement or distribution refers to all activities involved in getting the product to the final consumers. Decisions under this â€Å"P† relates to the distribution channels, market coverage, locations , inventory, transportation, etc. The main target market of our milk product is the PUNJAB STATE. As the people of Punjab are very health conscious and believe in better quality , So, our companies main target market is the population of Punjab. Our company would sell our milk product to all the retail outlets, Sweet shops, Dairy shops, in all over the Punjab. PROMOTION- Promotion refers to all the activities concerned with informing consumers about an organizations offering , persuading them to buy it, and reminding them it from time to time. Activities like advertising, sales promotion, directing, direct marketing, public relations, personal selling and other conventional media to comprise the â€Å"P† of operations. In promotion of our milk product we will use different kinds of promotional activities like advertising, direct marketing to the consumers and retail outlets. UNDERSTANDING MARKETING COMMUNICATION(PROMOTION) It involves all the activities concerned with effectively communicating Product information to select target audiences. A target audience is a group of consumers to whom marketing communication messages is directed. The prime purpose of communication is congnitive, affective or behavioural response, whatever that desired response may be. In other words, the communicator might want to imprint something in consumers mind(cognitive response), change in attitude(affective response) or get the consumer to act (behavioral response). ADVERTISEMENT OF MILK COMPANY (PURE MILK) The word advertising is derived from its Latin root ‘ad verter† Which means ‘to turn towards† or â€Å"to attract attention to†. DEFINITION OF ADVERTISEMENT- Advertisement is the any paid form of non- personal presentation and promotion of ideas or products by an identified sponser. The main objective of advertisement can be categorized based on whether their goal is to- Inform Persuade Remind Reinforce In our company of milk product , we can use the Brand Building advertising that focus on creating product awareness and brand building image.It is strategic and hence relatively long term in nature. We use the tagline â€Å"pure milk†, â€Å"the real milk of India†. Retail advertisement can also be used by the retailers on the local scale.It is aimed at building store traffic, creating a distinctive image for the store and more often than not, at triggers sales in short run. Retail advertisement is more informational, giving details about the outlets and its offerings. E.G The retail outlets where we sell our milk would put down small notice on their blackboards about our product i.e , it is available there , its prices, it will help in attracting more and more customers. DIRECT MARKETING- We will sell our milk also through direct marketing. Direct marketing is a interactive system of marketing which use one or more advertisement media to effect a measurable response or transaction at any location. The advantage of direct marketing is that in results in quicker sales, better targeting and relationship building and less competition and from this we will come ,more close to our customers. In this case we will come more close to our customers and will get the perception of the customers towards our product. TELEVISIONS- Our company will make a advertisement of our company milk product and telecast it on the T.V. Special kind of creative advertisement is made by the company for creating interest of the customers towards our milk product. The main aim of our television advertisement to aware people about our milk product. INTERNET—As we know in today scenario, Internet is having a special place in the minds of the people. Our company Will also make Our website from which the interested people will get the important information about our product and about the product benefits and quality. The main benefit of Internet communication is that it is directed directly towards the target market . The customers who are interested will easily go through our website and get knowledge about our product. It is totally personalized and up to date mechanism for attracting customers towards our company. Through it customers will also give their experiences and suggestions for our milk product. DIFFERENT KINDS OF SALES AND PROMOTIONS USED BY THE COMPANY DEFINITION OF SALES AND PROMOTION ‘Sales promotion consist of a diverse collection of incentives tools, mostly short term , designed to stimulate quicker and greater purchase of a particular product or services by the consumers or the trade.† Types of sales promotion used by our company- Our company will used different type of sales promotion activities for increasing sales of our product and awaring the customers towards our project.Consumer promotions are those that are directed to the consumers. The objective of consumer promotion is to offer the consumers some added benefit to entice him to buy the product.Ths is normally done in addition to the advertisement. Whereas advertising has a long run effect on the purhase behaviour , connumers promotion have more of a short term effect. SAMPLING- This form of promotion ifs found to be especially useful when one is introducing a product for the first time. Our company will also gives sample to the target customers for checking out their reactions towards our product The samples are either distributed at the retail outlets and residences of the final customers.Our company also request the consumers to fill up a questionnaire after the sample is used and thus are able to get feedback about our product that whether the customers like it or not. But the sampling is however one of the most expensive method of consumer promotion and there is no gurantee that the customers will actually go and buy the sale pack of our product. PRICE OFF This is essentially offers the consumers the product at less than the marked maximum retail price. The purpose of this is to induce the consumer to try our milk product immediately. QUANTITY DEALS- In the quantity deals , our company may provide more quantity in a same price for attracting the customers towards our product. Like our company would increase the quantity at the underlying price of our product. This will helps us in attracting more and more customers towards our milk product. DISCOUNTS- Our company will give discounts to our customers. Like if The customers buy four -five liter milk or more than it or milk in a bulk , we will give them discounts. OUT PRODUCED GIFTS- In this case the gift item is attached to the product from outside. This will attract customers towards our product. Like we will give ONE PLASTIC GLASS free with every 1litre milk packet for attracting customers or increasing our sales. CONSUMERS CONTEST- These are run to create an excitement amongst the target segment. Contest are normally advertised extensively and test more often than not the knowledge of the consumer on the product or some other skills. We will involve the completion of a sentence , which may say that â€Å"I LIKE A PURE MILK BECAUSE OF -â€Å". Prizes for this contest would be very excited for creating interest of the consumers towards it. Different cash prizes, travel allowances will be given to the winners. TRADE PROMOTIONS- Trade promotions are those that are run to elict a better and quicker response from the trade. These can be done when introducing a new product to ensure enhanced stock preceeding a good season , or block a competitor. Trade promotions are normally part of of push strategy , the assumptions here are being that if the trader has a excess stocks bought trade scheme he will be motivated to push the product in order to recover his investment as soon as possible . There are several tools for trade promotions DEALERS GIFTS- For the sake of building a strong image in the minds of the dealers our company will also provide different kinds of dealers gifts and rewards so that they feel motivated and do more hard work for increasing sale of our milk product . If we provide gifts and rewards to our dealers they feel that our company is taking care of them and they are having a great position in our company. Different kinds of travel allowances , gifts, rewards are provided by our company. Special kinds of refrigerator are to be provided by the company for preservation of milk .On the special events like on new year, Diwali, gifts are given to the traders for getting them loyal to our product. DEALER CONTEST- Dealer contest are organized by our company for changing our traders as a loyal traders of the company and motivating them. Special kinds of rewards , gifts are given by the company for the winners. POINT OF SALE MATERIALS- Our company should also provide point of sale material to our dealers and traders. Special kinds of refrigerators, boxes are provided by our company for the better preservation of our milk product in the retail stores, dairy shops and sweet shops. SHOP BOARD PAINTINGS- Special kinds of hoardings, sign boards are fixed on outside and inside the shops, retail stores, dairy shops, sweet shops for attracting more and more customers and providing information to the customers that the product is provided by this particular shop. DEALERS DISCOUNTS —For making our traders more loyal to our company special discounts are arranged by our company. The traders who will purchase our milk product in the bulk or in a continous manner , special discounts are provided by the company to them by the company. DEALERS MEET- Special meetings are arranged by the company for doing meeting with the dealers, traders as they are more closed to the customers and they are having more information about the need, wants of the customers. The meetings are organized after every one and two months for meeting more information about our product and customer perception about our product. INTRODUCING NEW TASTE OF MILK PUREMILK(â€Å"THE REAL MILK OFINDIA†) MADE IN INDIA Manufactured BY- Pure Dairy Milk Company MUMBAI Phone No-12345678 THE IMC PLANNING PROCESS Marketing communication is one of the four tools of marketing mix. Hence, it is based on the strategic laid down in the marketing plan, which in turn is derived from overall business plan. Strategic planning is the process of devising a plan of action for meeting an organization goals with its limited resources and in the wake of varying market conditions. Strategy is allowed an organization to focus on limited sources on the best available opportunities, thereby achieving sales, profits and competitive advantage growth and a sustainable competitive advantage. There are three primary components of a strategic plan- OBJECTIVES- What a company wants to achieve. Objective dictate the course of action to be taken. E.G The main objective of our company is to provide better services to the customers. Our main target market is the retails shops, sweetshops, and dairy shops are there in the Punjab. STRATEGY—A long term plan of action designed to achieve the objectives. The strategy of our company is to expand the market in rural villages and also increase the customers. TACTICS- Immediate actions with resources at hand, short-term isolated events to take advantage of opportunities at hand. E.G— Company will reduce its prices as compared to others competitors. Like the selling price of 1 Kg Milk Product is Rs 24 and Half Kg milk product is Rs. 12. The current price of milk of our competitors are 1 Kg is of Rs 28 and half Kg packet is Rs 14. Our company will also provide discounts to the retailers ,wholesalers if they purchase our product continuously or in the bulk. THE MARKETING PLAN The IMC Planning process begins with the review of marketing plan. A marketing plan is a written document that details the marketing objectives, strategies and tactics foe an organization, product or brand, and guides the marketing efforts. It is based on an in depth understanding of the firms internal and external environment- the industry, the competition, the product current positioning , its customers, etc. THE IMC PLAN- Following are the steps involved in the IMC planning process. SUITATIONAL ANAYSIS- Like the marketing plan , the promotional plan also begins with an analysis of factors that are relevant to Promotional suitation. PAST PROMOTIONAL SITUATION- Review of campaign including their objectives , audiences, strategies, tools, media, and budgets. PRODUCT SITUATION- Our company will analyse that what are products which are present in our product category. Assessment of product benefits, quality, packaging, price, image, availability, features and unique selling points. Like our product is the milk our company is providing better quality milk to our customers as compared to our competitors. Price of product is that 1litre milk packet is of Rs 28 and Half Kg is of Rs 14. Avalibility- Our milk product is available at all the sweet shops, dairy shops and all the retail stores, which are having conditions for protection of milk. IMAGE- Our company have to made a unique image in the minds of our customers. So for this we have to chose features of our product so that our customers would easily remember our product. The mane of our milk product is â€Å"PURE MILK† AND THE TAGLINE OF OUR PRODUCT IS â€Å"THE REAL MILK OF INDIA AUDIENCE SITUATION- An analysis of audience of promotion buyers, influncers, decisions makers their demographic profile and psycographic profiles, behavioural patterns and life styles, factors influencing their products purchase decisions , buying patterns. COMPETITIVE SITUATION- Promotional strategies adopted by direct and indirect competitiors. In our product our main competitors are the other milk companies like Verka, Amul. Through tjis we would analyse that what is the position of our competitors in the market, what are their strengths, weakness, their product, price etc. Regulatory situation- Regulatory authorities governing the product category and media , and rules and regulations of the government which our company has to follow. Like our company has to see that what are the factors which we have to follow for sale of our milk product in the market. Whether we have the get license from the government and have to registered our company to them. Following are the some common area of analysis. A well-known practice for analyzing and summarizing the suitation is called SWOT analysis. STRENGTH Demand profile Absolutely optimistic demand Margins- Quite reasonable, even or packed liquid milk. Flexibilty of Product mix- Tremendous with balancing equipments. Availability of raw material- Abundant more than 80% of the milk products are flowing from the unorganized sector.which requires proper channelisation. Technical margins- Professionally trained -technical human resource manpower is built in our company. WEAKNESS PERISHABILITY- The main weakness of our milk product is its persihability. Special Conditions are required so that our milk cannot get spoiled. Pasteurization has overcome this weakness partially. Surely many new process will follow to improve milk quality and for extending its shelf life. LACK OF CONTROL OVER YIELD- Theortically, there is a little control over the milk yield. However , increased awareness of developments like embryo transplant, artifical insemination and properly managed animal husbandry practices coupled with the higher income to rural milk producers should automatically lead to improve in milk yield. LOGISTICS OF PROCUREMENTS- Because of bad roads and inadequate transportation facility make milk procurement problematic. But overall economic improvement in India, will lead to the improvement in these logistic problems. PROBLEMATIC DISTRIBUTIONS- All is not well with the distribution. There is a need of emergence of a cold chain linking the producer to refrigerator at the consumers home. COMPETITION- Now a days competition is very hard in every field. Our milk company may also face competition because of new entrants in the market.Because of huge competition the market is large is enough for us to carve out their niche market.We will overcome our competitors if we provide better services to our customer than our competitors. OPPTURNITIES FOR OUR COMPANY Failures is never ending final and success never ending VALUE ADDITION- We will add value to our milk products so that customers would buy product and will attract towards our product. Our company will add value added products like shikhand,ice-cream, paneer, khoa, flavoured milk, dairy sweets,etc, this will lead to a greater presence and flexibility in the market place along with oppturnities in the field of brand building. Addition of cultural products like yoghurt and cheese tends to furthet strength both in term of utisation of resouces and presence in the market place. A lateral view opens up oppturnities in milk proteins through casein, caseinates and other dietary products, further opening up . Export Oppturnities—If our product would get position in the market we will expand our market in the foreign countries also. Export oppturnities would be seen for increasing our customers.Our company would generate export potentials like various companies i.s- Amul is expoting their products in foreign countries like Bangladesh, Sri Lanka. Yet another aspect can be addition of infants foods,geriatric fods and nutritional THREATS Milk VENDORS- Today the milk vendors in the unorganized sector are occupying the pride , the place in the industry . Organised discrimination of information about the harm that they are doing to producers and consumers should see steady decline in their importance. Delicensing in the Indian Dairy Industry has been attracting a large number of entrepreneurs . But the success of them depends on the factor such as efficient economic facilities and innovation in the market place. DETERMINE THE PROBLEM OR OPPTURNITIES- The suitation analysis done in step 1 helps us to identify problems or oppturnities concerning communications. IMC plans can solve problems like awareness or knowledge, negative attitude, misconception about our product .I n this case we have to sell our milk product to the customers or have to aware the customers towards our product. DETERMINE COMMUNICATION OBJECTIVES- Communication objectives flow marketing objectives. Our company will use different communication media for increasing the awareness of our customers towards our product. Like we can use T.V, radio, print media, hoardings, bill board to aware customers towards our product. The main objective of our different kind of communication media is same- To create awareness of our milk product To increase sale of ur milk product To build a good image of our product in minds of the customers. To provide better qualities to our customers. DETERMINE THE BUDGET After setting the communication objectives, our company has to estimate how much we are willing to spend on the promotional activities. The company has to consider various issues like how much the programme will it cost, how much it can afford how much competitors are spending. Our company can make the budget by analyzing the sales expense or estimating sales in the one territory. The Steps involved in the estimating the budget is as follows. PRODUCT TARGET-The first step in the analysing the budget is to analsye the target market that where we have to sell our product and at which region. Like our company is targeting the State Punjab . Our main target market is the sweet shops, dairy milk shops, retailers of the punjab and population of the Punjab. We have to sell our milk product there so that it would reach to all our customers. Special trade discounts, special offering are provided by our company to our traders, retailers so that feel motivated and helps us in creating awarness our product towards our product. Like special kinds of refigerators and other rewards are given by our company to the retailers, dairy milk shops and sweet shops for preserving our milk . SALES BUDGET OF OUR PRODUCT For getting information about our sale expenese, we estimate the expense occur by our company for selling it in the one small town , Dasuya. For selling our product in the Dasuya city we recruit five sales persons. There name are as follows- Mr. Sohan singh 2Mr. Mandeep Singh Mr. Akash Kumar Mr. Ram Kapoor Mr . Yashdeed We are sending our five people in different regions of Dasuya City.Like one in North Zone, One in south zone , One in East Zone, one in west zone. And one in central zone. The main benefit of sales target is Inreasing market coverage because sales persons are more close to their customers.They know where they have to go , who are their customers, how they have to communicate with their customers. It also controls selling expense and time because sales persons have to know where they have to go and at what time. Wstage of time and mone should be eliminated by this sales territory medium. It will helps in enabling better evaluation of sales force performance. It will customer relationships. Because customers feels that they are more close t company and company is providing better services to them. It helps in increasing sales and increasing profits and revenues of the company. MANAGEMENT OF TERRITORIAL COVERAGE In the travel plan of our company customers we will do sheduling of our sales persons in a straight line manner, because through it all the sales persons start their daily schedule from the headoffice from their they get the information about their daily schedule and went to their assigned places. TIME MANAGEMENT TOOLS- The timing of our sales persons starts from the morning at 9:00 A. M. In the morning they have to come to the office for betting their daily schedule . At 10: 00 A.M they have to start their daily schedule and had to go their assigned places. In the evening at 5:00 P.M they have to get back in the office and had to report the headoffice about their daily schedule , how was their day and how was their experience of the whole day. At 2:00 clock, they are having their lunch for one hour. ESTIMATION OF THE BUDGET ON THE BASIS OF EXPENSE DONE ON ONE TERRITORY Salary of one sales persons in 1 month- Rs.15000 Salary of 5 sales persons- 150000 into 5= Rs 75000 Telephones charges- 1000into 5= Rs 5000 Vehicles Charges 1000 into5 Rs 5000 Daily meals charges-1000 into5= Rs 5000 Advertisement expense on T.V = Rs 90,000 Expense on print media and other Rs. 3,00,000 Medias like radio, internet= Raw materials Expenses = Rs. 5,00,00 Other Miscellaneous expenses= Rs .15,00,000 Total expense = Rs. 24,95,000 IMPEMENTATION OF THE PLAN- After making all this IMC plan we will Implement our planning for getting results and introducing our product in the market. Different kinds of communication tools are used by our company , for getting revenues and building a strong image of our product in the market. MONITOR/EVALUTION OF PERFORMANCE- After implementing, the whole IMC plan, we will evaluate our company performance to measure the expected results with the actual result and find whether our company IMC plan was able to build a strong image of our product. Different kinds of surveys, are conducted by our expertise to check the process of our IMC and monitoring the impact of IMC on the market and consumers mind. CONCLUSION From all the above information it is cleared that IMC is a very important aspect in introducing our product in the market and getting a strong position for our product. The tools of IMC like advertisements, direct marketing are helpful for our company for establishing a strong position in the minds of the customers and IMC provide assistance for the company for achieving their goals and objectives. These are the ways for fulfilling our objectives and provides us a path for fulfilling our objectives. By choosing different types of tools we convince our customers and attract our consumers towards our product a, and as a result of which we generate lots of revenues. BIBLOGRAPHY- http:/marketing about.com/ad/marketing glossary www the free dictionary.com/milk. www scrub com/doc/17660303/nestle-imc -plan. http freedictionary.com/milk/4540. www.imcplanning.comp.india.com www//marketing.about.comp//marketingglosary//imc.htm www.exampleessay.com.html drypen.in//salespromotion//sale tech.com BOOEK REFERRED- Sales And Promotion

Quiroga

rOscar Castorena Linda Saborio FLSP 322 15 de Noviembre de 2010 Horacio Quiroga y su vida en sus cuentos. Horacio Quiroga nacio en Salto, Uruguay en 1878 pero vivio gran parte de su vida en Argentina. Durante su vida fue cuentista, poeta, periodista, dramaturgo y novelista. Murio de cancer en una region tropical cerca de Buenos Aires, Argentina en 1937. Este lugar lo atraia por la vida primitiva que llevaba. Durante su vida sufrio enormemente por una serie de tragedias que se reflejan demasiado en sus obras literarias.La temprana muerte de su padre, el suicidio de su padrastro, mato accidentalmente a un amigo y el suicidio de su primera esposa. Estos acontecimientos reflejan en demasia la relacion de la muerte en sus cuentos, refleja el lenguaje cruel que utiliza en algunos de sus cuentos y probablemente asistieron de manera directa en su suicidio. Las obras de Quiroga llevan en si muchos temas repetitivos como la muerte, la locura la alucinacion, la tragedia y la naturaleza. Su leng uaje es muy directo y a veces muy ofensivo al referirse de sus personajes.En el cuento â€Å"El Hijo† Quiroga sigue su estilo al escribir acerca de la muerte, locura y la alucinacion. Quiroga menciona en varios de sus cuentos a grandes escritores como Edgar Allan Poe y Rudyard Kipling. En varios cuentos tomo varias caracteristicas de estos escritores como relatar terror con algunos motivos recurrentes como el amor, la muerte, lo anormal y hasta lo morbido. Incorpora tambien la admiracion de la selva, temas y personajes animales relacionados con la naturaleza. Durante su vida tambien destaco como periodista, poeta, escritor de teatro y novela, pero su fama literaria es como cuentista.Quiroga tiene varios temas recurrentes en sus obras literarias. La locura y la muerte son dos temas presentes en â€Å"El Hijo†. En este cuento se destaca el lenguaje seco y cruel de Quiroga al narrar los cuentos. El hijo es un cuento donde el tema principal es la muerte y la alucinacion. E n este cuento, como casi en todos los de Quiroga, los personajes estan marcados por la tragedia y la muerte violenta. En el cuento se caracterizan algunos temas recurrentes en los cuentos de Quiroga asi como la relacion que tiene entre la similitud con otros grandes escritores.El centro de la historia es el hombre y la naturaleza donde se realiza la tragedia, la muerte y la soledad. El cuento se basa en el padre y el hijo que estan en un monte y el hijo sale de caceria con una escopeta y varios cartuchos pensando que volvera a tiempo para el almuerzo. El padre esta confiado en que su hijo regresa a tiempo pero se percata que el hijo ya tiene tiempo fuera y no regresa. Tiempo despues el padre escucha un disparo pero no piensa nada al respecto. Transcurre mas tiempo cuando el padre decide ir en busca de su hijo.Al llegar al lugar donde esta su hijo se percata que su hijo estaba ahi, solo. Despues el padre habla con su hijo y deciden volver de regreso para almorzar. Lo que el padre no se percata es de que el hijo estaba muerto ya hace varias horas y el padre solo estaba alucinando con su hijo. El cuento nos muestra la relacion que hay entre el padre y el hijo donde claramente se ve carino y afecto entre ambos. La preocupacion del padre cuando el hijo sale de caceria nos da a entender que el amor del padre hacia el hijo era mas que una relacion familiar.Nos indica que la relacion era profunda y nos da a entender que el viaje al monte no era el primero. El relato del padre hacia el sentimiento que tiene hacia el hijo es unico porque un padre soltero tiene como a su unico hijo como guia y motivacion en la vida. Quiroga hace referencia al padre soltero dando relacion a sus fracasos matrimoniales tanto por divorcio o por el suicidio de su primera esposa. Quiroga relata que el hijo sabia el camino muy bien. Tambien relata que el hijo no era impuntual y siempre llegaba a tiempo para el almuerzo.El hijo nos da referencia del afecto que le tiene a su padre al decirle que no se preocupe por el y le da signos de confianza al tomar este riesgo de ir de caceria a pesar de su corta edad. En la historia hay varios simbolos que reflejan la vida tragica de Quiroga. El hijo lleva un arma y para acabar con la vida de un animal para que el y su padre pudieran alimentarse. Ironicamente el arma es la que acaba con su vida tras un descuido al tropezar con un alambre que estaba escondido entre la hierba del monte. Segun la critica de Acedera, la naturaleza selvatica casi siempre sale vendedora siguiendo la tragedia (p. ). El hijo, al cargar los cartuchos en su bolsillo, esta inconscientemente preparandose para la lucha con la muerte. La preocupacion por esta lucha no se manifiesta en el hijo si no en el padre. La soledad que entorna a los dos personajes despues de la partida del hijo es tambien una caracteristica del autor. El padre queda solo a la partida del hijo y se dispone de hacer cosas cotidianas y preparar lo necesario para el almuerzo. Esto refleja la sol edad que entorna a Quiroga a lo largo de su vida con las tragedias vividas.El padre tiene plena confianza en su hijo que cuando escucha el disparo piensa en nada mas que en lo normal. Su oido reconoce el arma que sigue con sus tareas. La soledad que entorna al hijo refleja la vida de Quiroga en una forma muy sutil. El hijo se encuentra solo en el monte, un lugar muy parecido al que Quiroga muere, y esta solo contra la naturaleza. El hijo es muy joven y esta separado de su padre. Quiroga tambien estaba separado de su padre a muy temprana edad, pero no por el hecho de ir de caceria sino por la muerte de su padre.El joven lleva un arma de fuego en sus manos y sufre un fatal accidente al tropezar con un alambre de puas. Segun Espinosa; â€Å"el alambre de puas es muy recurrente en sus cuentos† (p. 3). Tambien se puede tomar en cuenta que el arma de fuego se relaciona con la muerte de su padre y la muerte de su amigo que Quiroga causo tras un accidente. Quiroga relaciona estos dos tragicos momentos en su vida con la travesia del hijo y su viaje al monte. Aunque el padre e hijo son dos personajes con destinos muy distintos, las similitudes que los relacionan son muchas.Los dos personajes sufren mucho con la soledad. El padre sufre aun mas porque el ya ha sufrido la soledad con la muerte de su esposa. El padre ahora va a tener que sufrir con la soledad aun mas porque la muerte de su hijo lo toma de sorpresa y expresa su dolor con alucinaciones. Parece que el padre no toma la situacion muy bien e inconscientemente lo toma como un sueno y se hace de la idea que su hijo vive y juntos regresan a casa. El padre tiene que luchar contra estos obstaculos que la vida le da.Tal vez por su debilidad o por no querer aceptar sus problemas, la salida de los problemas del padre esta en su mente y sus alucinaciones. Por otro lado, el hijo tambien tiene que combatir con la soledad. El a temprana edad tiene que confrontar la soledad en medio de la naturaleza. Tambien sufre de l a soledad por no tener una madre que lo apoye y le de el amor materno que cualquier joven de su edad necesita. El hijo tambien tiene que luchar contra la vida de otra forma porque el se encuentra solo en medio del monte y tiene que luchar con la vida natural y los peligros que esta ofrece.El hijo tambien tiene una lucha personal consigo mismo al enfrentarse con su falta de experiencia al ir de caceria. Aunque parece que los dos estan muy unidos por el carino y afecto que se muestran en sus palabras, los dos estan muy distanciados a la hora de enfrentarse a la vida porque los dos tienen diferentes obstaculos que enfrentar, pero las situaciones o la idea de los obstaculos son muy similares. La alucinacion es lo que entorna el climax del cuento en una direccion opuesta a lo que el lector tenia en mente.El padre ya preocupado por su hijo sale a buscarlo y despues de un rato de buscarlo y ya muerto de cansancio y empapado de sudor encuentra a su hijo. El padre le empieza a hablar con pal abras en diminutivo, enfatizando una vez mas el carino y amor que tiene por su hijo. Cuando encuentra a su hijo el padre habla con el hijo y le reclama acerca de la hora. El hijo responde que se fijo en la hora pero fue en busca de unas garzas y las siguio pero no las mato. El padre, aunque muy cansado, sonrie de felicidad por haber encontrado a su hijo.Lo controversial es que el hijo esta muerto ya hace varias horas y el padre piensa que lo lleva en su hombro de regreso a casa. Lo que Quiroga quiere reflejar en esto es que la muerte ya no es una noticia tragica para el. Quiroga ve la muerte como un evento natural que no se puede controlar. Tal vez, la alucinacion del padre al ver a su hijo lleno de vida refleja la debilidad de Quiroga al enfrentar hechos muy tragicos alrededor de su vida y la a alucinacion es una forma muy inmadura y danina para lidiar con los problemas. El ambiente en el que â€Å"El Hijo† toma lugar es el ambiente preferido de Quiroga.En muchas de sus obra s usa la naturaleza y animales para reflejar el tipo de vida que a Quiroga le gustaba, una vida primitiva. El cuento es narrado por una voz neutral que simplifica la historia en demasia porque tiene un tono pasivo hacia los hechos. Tambien la voz del narrador nos da una pista que la muerte del hijo no le fue de mucho impacto emocional, como si supiera la historia y no fuese la primera vez que haya contado la historia. Los personajes son muy similares y tienen muchas cosas en comun. Tanto el padre como el hijo son muy descuidados y no ponen atencion al detalle.Los dos se quieren mutuamente como familia y llevan una buena relacion familiar, pero al transcurso del cuento, ironicamente no se pueden ayudar uno al otro porque uno esta muerto y el otro esta alucinando. Los dos quedan solos al transcurso del cuento sin saber la reaccion del otro al saber que los dos necesitan ayuda. Una ironia del cuento es que el padre se preocupa mucho por el bienestar del hijo y no se da cuenta del pelig ro que es mandar a un nino de trece anos de edad de caceria. Quiroga menciona que el hijo, aunque es muy alto para su edad, aun parece de menor edad por la pureza de sus ojos; frescos de sorpresa infantil.Quiroga relata que la mayor angustia de un padre viudo, una vez mas refleja su vida personal, es el cuidado y proteccion del hijo porque el hijo carece de fuerzas propias y hay inmensidad de ciertos peligros. Al no darse cuenta de sus propias palabras, el padre manda al hijo a cazar y despues viene la alucinacion al encontrar vivo a su hijo. Segun Victoria Eugenia Angel, Quiroga maneja sus cuentos en una forma lineal haciendolos caracteristicos de los cuentos cortos. Tambien emplea a sus personajes para dar muestra de un heroe de carne y hueso que enfrenta su destino y a las inclemencias que no puede controlar por sus propios medios.Lamentablemente, todos los heroes terminan con una muerte tragica por culpa de las adversidades que tiene, pero lo indudablemente los personajes luchan hasta el final. En el cuento â€Å"El hijo† el heroe que asumimos es el hijo, no lucha hasta el final contra la adversidad que encuentra. No se sabe si se desangra lentamente pasando por una larga y angustiosa muerte o muere en el instante al recibir el disparo. Angel hace buena referencia que los personajes llegan a su fin de una manera tragica luchando contra adversidades. Tanto el padre como el hijo tuvieron que luchar contra la naturaleza para poder sobrevivir.El padre tuvo que luchar contra el monte y a machetazos llegar hasta su hijo. El hijo por su parte lucho con un simple alambre de puas que estaba escondido entre la hierba. Angel tambien hace referencia que los cuentos de Quiroga tienen una clara conclusion y tienden a tener un final cerrado. Quiroga no da oportunidad al lector de interpretar e imaginar lo que pasa despues del cuento porque cierra el fin con una conclusion muy clara de los hechos. Segun Salvador Bueno, el final de â€Å"El hijo† le quita la explicacion final al cuento mismo.Las historias de Quiroga tienen un final cerrado para el lector dando poca o nada de imaginacion para el lector, pero una caracteristica mas de Quiroga es el elemento de sorpresa que se desarrolla al final de los cuentos en todos sus cuentos. Durante el cuento nos damos cuenta que la alucinacion del padre al encontrar a su hijo es muy caracteristica de Quiroga. Tambien podemos esperar la muerte tragica de uno de los personajes. Las alucinaciones del padre que se relatan durante el cuento nos da una idea y hace que el lector se incline por la muerte del adre porque el es el que parece enfermo o con un desequilibrio mental. El hijo es descrito como un muchacho que le falta edad para poder ser mejor aceptado como un buen cazador porque sus rastros fisicos le dilatan su corta edad y le dan una apariencia de un nino. El hijo tambien es descrito con buena apariencia fisica, una gran madurez y gran conocimiento en la caceria. Al analizar estas caracteristi cas el lector piensa que la logica de la muerte tragica sea para el padre dejando al hijo en una situacion tragica.El elemento de sorpresa aparece en el cuento y nos brinda una muerte tragica pero poco comun. El hijo se tropieza con un alambre en una zona donde conocia muy bien y la escopeta le dispara matandolo. El elemento de sorpresa crea una reaccion al lector causandole angustia y preguntandose por que el hijo tuvo que morir. Muchos criticos llaman a Horacio Quiroga como el perfecto cuentista. Los acontecimientos tragicos en su vida personal llevan a este escritor a crear obras de temas muy recurrentes, pero cada uno de sus cuentos son muy distintos que hace que el lector se encierre en sus cuentos.Quiroga usa la muerte y la lucha del ser humano contra la naturaleza como tema principal en muchas de sus obras. Tambien se caracteriza por usar la tragedia, la soledad y el sufrimiento en los personajes. Quiroga refleja sus tragedias, su sufrimiento y su tristeza en los personajes d e sus obras. Mucho cuentos reflejan en una forma u otra la vida muy tragica que este cuentista tuvo. Si tan solo Quiroga hubiera tenido una vida mas alegre y sin tragedias, el estilo de Quiroga hubiera sido muy diferente y los cuentos hubieran sido muy interesantes. El hijo† refleja muchas caracteristicas de las obras de Quiroga asi como tambien un poco de su vida personal.Bibliografia Acereda, Alberto. â€Å"Del criollismo a la urgencia existencial. Fatalidad y angustia en tres cuentos de Horacio Quiroga. † Castilla: Estudios de Literatura 26. (2001): 7-17. MLA International Bibliography. EBSCO. Web. 25 Oct. 2010. Angel, Victoria Eugenia. â€Å"La muerte alucinada como mito personal en la cuentistica de Horacio Quiroga. † Especulo: Revista de Estudios Literarios 40. (2008): MLA International Bibliography. EBSCO. Web. 25 Oct. 2010. Espinosa Consejo, Elena. ‘El hijo' de Horacio Quiroga. † Especulo: Revista de Estudios Literarios 44. (2010): MLA Interna tional Bibliography. EBSCO. Web. 25 Oct. 2010. Paoli, Roberto. â€Å"El perfecto cuentista: Comentario a tres textos de Horacio Quiroga. † Revista Iberoamericana 58. 160-161 (1992): 953-974. MLA International Bibliography. EBSCO. Web. 25 Oct. 2010. Salgado, Maria A. â€Å"Quiroga's ‘El Hijo': Prototype of His Art. † South Atlantic Bulletin: A Quarterly Journal Devoted to Research and Teaching in the Modern Languages and Literatures 36. 2 (1971): 24-31. MLA International Bibliography. EBSCO. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.